Tau qhov twg los: oist.jp
Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Okinawa lub koom haum ntawm Science thiab Technology Kawm tiav University (OIST) tau tsim cov cim hnub ci txuas ntxiv nrog kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev ruaj khov. Ua siv ib hom ntawm cov khoom siv hu ua perovskites, cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag no tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov ua tau zoo rau ntau tshaj 2000 teev. Lawv cov kev tshawb pom, tshaj tawm 20July 2020 hauv phau ntawv sau xov xwm, Xwm Lub Zog, tau muaj kev cia siab rau kev ua lag luam.
Perovskites muaj lub peev xwm los txhim kho lub hnub ci kev lag luam thev naus laus zis. Saj zawg zog thiab lub teeb yuag, lawv cog lus ntau dua ntxiv dua li qhov hnyav thiab tawv ua kua roj silicon cov hlwb tam sim no ua lag luam hauv khw. Tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum kov yeej qee qhov kev nyuaj ua ntej perovskites tuaj yeem ua lag luam tau.
"Muaj peb yam kev mob uas perovskites yuav tsum tau ua: lawv yuav tsum pheej yig tsim khoom, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj lub neej ntev," tus xibfwb Yabing Qi, lub taub hau ntawm OIST hais tiasCov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Chav Kawm Tshawb Fawb, leej twg yog tus coj txoj kev kawm no.
Ua qauv qhia ntawm Perovskite Hnub Ci Cell
Tus nqi ua cov perovskite hnub ci hlwb tsawg, vim tias pheej yig cov ntaub ntawv xav tau lub zog me me rau kev ua haujlwm. Thiab tsuas yog nyob hauv kaum xyoo dhau los, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntau nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho kom zoo dua li cas perovskite hnub ci hlwb hloov hnub ci rau hluav taws xob, nrog kev ua tau zoo tam sim no piv rau cov ntawm silicon-based hlwb.
Txawm li cas los xij, ib zaug scaled los ntawm cov pob me me ntawm lub hnub ci mus rau cov hnub ci loj dua, cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm perovskites plummet. Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem raws li kev lag luam hnub ci kev siv tshuab xav tau nyob twj ywm ntawm qhov loj me ntawm lub hnub ci, ob peb txhais taw ntev.
“Kev ntsuas qhov xav tau yog qhov xav tau heev; txhua qhov tsis xws ntawm cov khoom lag luam tau hais tawm ntau dua yog li koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab cov txuj ci tsim khoom zoo dua, "piav qhia Dr. Luis Ono.
(Sab laug) OIST Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Chav Tuam Tsev Kawm Txuj Ci ua haujlwm nrog cov hnub ci hlwb thiab cov qauv hloov ntawm qhov loj me. (Txoj cai) Hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb no, cov kws tshawb fawb ua haujlwm nrog 5 cm x 5 cm qauv hnub ci.
Qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm perovskites yog lwm qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb nrhiav nruj. Cov lag luam hnub ci lag luam yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tiv taus ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm tab sis tam sim no perovskite hnub ci hlwb txo nqi sai.
Kev tsim tsa cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg
Xib fwb Qi pab neeg, txhawb los ntawm OIST thev naus laus zis kev tsim kho thiab Innovation Center lub pov thawj-ntawm-cov tswvyim ntawm kev pab cuam, tau hais txog cov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb no thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo uas yog siv txoj hauv kev tshiab. Perovskite cov khoom siv hnub ci tau ua los ntawm ntau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg - txhua qhov muaj qhov haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Hloov chaw tsuas yog tsom rau ib txheej xwb, lawv ntsia ntawm kev ua haujlwm tag nrho ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab ua li cas cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg.
Lub txheej txheem perovskite txheej txheem, uas nqus tau lub hnub ci, nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov cuab yeej, qhaub cij ntawm lwm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Thaum photons ntawm lub teeb tawm tsam lub perovskite txheej, qhov tsis zoo-them cov hluav taws xob siv lub zog no thiab “dhia” mus rau lub zog siab dua, tawm hauv qab ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws “qhov” qhov twg siv hluav taws xob. Cov nqi no tau hloov mus rau lwm qhov kev qhia rau hauv hluav taws xob thiab qhov thauj cov khaubncaws sab nraud thiab hauv qab ntawm txheej txheej nquag. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tso tawm ntawm hluav taws xob - lossis hluav taws xob - uas tuaj yeem tawm ntawm lub hnub ci ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Cov cuab yeej tseem raug kaw los ntawm txheej txheej tiv thaiv uas ua rau txo kev puas tsuaj thiab tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom los ntawm cov pa nkag mus rau hauv ib puag ncig.
Perovskite lub hnub ci hlwb thiab cov qauv muaj ntau ntau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, txhua ntawm lawv muaj lub haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntxiv lossis hloov cov khaubncaws sab nraud pov tseg hauv cov txiv kab ntxwv.
Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav, cov kws tshawb fawb ua haujlwm nrog cov hnub ci sib luag uas yog 22.4 cm2.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ua ntej txhim kho qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm perovskite nquag txheej thiab txheej txheej thauj khoom hluav taws xob, los ntawm kev ntxiv tshuaj hu ua EDTAK nruab nrab ntawm ob txheej. Lawv pom tias EDTAK tiv thaiv cov tin oxide hluav taws xob thauj txheej los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog perovskite txheej txheej, nce qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub hnub ci module.
EDTAK kuj tau txhim kho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm perovskite hnub ci module hauv ob txoj kev sib txawv. Firstly, poov tshuaj nyob rau hauv EDTAK tau hloov mus rau hauv cov txheej txheej uas muaj lub siab thiab "kho kom zoo" me me ntawm cov teeb meem perovskite. Qhov no tiv thaiv cov tsis zoo no kom tsis txhob txav ntawm cov hluav taws xob txav mus thiab lub qhov, tso hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv. EDTAK kuj tseem nce kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev txhim kho cov peev txheej ntawm cov tin oxide hluav taws xob thauj txheej, ua kom yooj yim dua kom sau cov hluav taws xob los ntawm cov txheej txheej perovskite.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau txhim kho zoo sib xws rau kev sib tshuam ntawm perovskite txheej txheej thiab lub qhov thauj txheej. Lub sijhawm no, lawv ntxiv ib hom perovskite hu ua EAMA nruab nrab ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, uas txhim kho lub peev xwm rau lub qhov thauj txheej yuav tau txais qhov.
EAMA-kho cov cuab yeej tseem ua rau pom kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua qub nyob hauv av noo thiab ntsuas kub. Qhov no vim yog vim li cas EAMA cuam tshuam nrog sab saum toj ntawm perovskite txheej txheej, uas yog mosaic ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua. Hauv cov khoom siv hnub ci yam tsis muaj EAMA, cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov kab nrib pleb tsim rau saum npoo ntawm cov txheej txheej nquag, uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov nplej no. Thaum cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntxiv EAMA, lawv tau pom tias cov khoom siv perovskite ntxiv sau cov thaj tsam lis thiab txwv tsis pub ya raws nkag mus, tiv thaiv cov kab nrib pleb no los ntawm kev sib sau.
Pab pawg kuj hloov kho lub qhov thauj txheej txheej nws tus kheej, los ntawm kev sib xyaw hauv ib qho me me ntawm polymer hu ua PH3T. Qhov polymer no ua kom cov dej noo tiv taus los ntawm kev muab cov txheej nrog dej-pleev kom lub zog.
Lub polymer tseem daws cov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas yav dhau los ua rau txhim kho kev txhim kho mus sij hawm ntev kev nyab xeeb. Cov electrode nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm perovskite hnub ci module yog tsim los ntawm nyias ib daim hlab ntawm kub. Tab sis dhau sijhawm, cov pob kub me me tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm cov electrode, dhau ntawm lub qhov thauj cov txheej thiab mus rau hauv cov txheej txheej perovskite. Qhov kev ntsuas tsis pom zoo ntawm lub cuab yeej.
Thaum cov kws tshawb nrhiav siv PH3T, lawv pom tias cov pob zeb kub tau hloov mus rau hauv lub tshuab ua haujlwm qeeb dua uas ua rau muaj zog ntau ntxiv ntawm cov qauv hnub ua haujlwm.
Rau lawv txoj kev txhim kho zaum kawg, cov kws tshawb fawb ntxiv ib txheej nyias nyias ntawm cov polymer, parylene, ntxiv rau hauv iav, muab ib txheej txheej tiv thaiv rau lub hnub ci qauv. Nrog rau qhov kev tiv thaiv ntxiv no, cov hnub ci hluav taws xob tau tswj txog 86% ntawm lawv cov kev ua tiav thawj zaug, txawm tias tom qab 2000 teev ntawm kev ua kom tsis tu ncua.
Hauv kev koom tes nrog Dr. Said Kazaoui ntawm National Institute ntawm Advanced Industrial Science thiab Technology (AIST), OIST pab pawg tau soj ntsuam cov qauv hnub ci zoo dua thiab tau txais qhov ua tau zoo ntawm 16.6% - qhov kev ua tau zoo heev rau lub hnub ci module ntawm qhov loj me ntawd. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tam sim no tau npaj siab los ua cov kev hloov kho ntawm cov ntsuas hluav taws xob hnub ci loj dua, coj txoj hauv kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam loj, kev lag luam hnub ci kev lag luam yav tom ntej.
