Daim ntawv no tsom rau cov kev siv ntawm kev siv lub zog cittect virtual synchronous generator (vsg) thiab nws cov kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau lub zog hluav taws xob. Nrog rau kev nkag mus rau kev nkag mus rau cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj zog, qhov ruaj ntseg ntawm lub hwj huam ntawm cov phiaj xwm lub ntsej muag cov nyom ntawm lawv cov kev sib tw thiab cov sib txawv.
VSG thev naus laus zis faib cov khoom muaj zog zoo ib yam li cov kab sib chaws zoo ib yam li cov neeg tsim khoom siv hauv cov neeg siv hluav taws xob, yog li txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm lub hwj chim sib tshooj. Cov ntawv no ua ntej nthuav tawm cov kev siv ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob vsg los ntawm cov kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tswv yim tswj hwm thiab kev tswj hwm cov qauv. Tom qab ntawd, nws piav qhia txog lub luag haujlwm txhawb nqa VSG rau lub zog ntawm zaus kev txhawb nqa, thiab kev txhim kho ntawm lub zog sib zog. Thaum kawg, daim ntawv thov cov xwm txheej ntawm VSG Technology tau nthuav tawm1.
1.Control lub tswv yim rau Virtual Synchronous Generator
Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm vsg tswj yog los simuling lub rotor suab sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob synchronis thiab tam sim no ntawm inverter. Nws cov kev tswj hwm yooj yim feem ntau suav nrog cov ntu hauv qab no:
1.Power lub kaum ntse ntse kev simulation: simulate lub tshuab hluav taws xob rotor ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob synchronous los tsim kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv lub zog thiab lub zog loj.
2.Txawm cov kab zauv sib txig sib luag: simulate qhov zoo siab ntawm cov synitation General los tsim kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog thiab muaj peev xwm sab hauv virtual.
3.qhov xam thiab lim dej: kom muaj zog ua kom muaj zog thiab ua kom muaj zog los ntawm kev siv cov zis hluav taws xob thiab ua kom muaj cov zis hluav taws xob, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov pa hluav taws xob los ntawm kev siv lub suab nrov thiab cov suab nrov thiab cov kev cuam tshuam.
4. Pethas Xauv lub voj (pll) hloov chaw: hauv vsg tswj, lub theem tsoos phatop yog feem ntau tsis tas yuav. Lub zog ntawm cov neeg muaj txiaj ntsig ncaj qha los ncaj qha los ntawm lub kaum lub zog sib npaug, ua tiav synchronization nrog lub hwj huam sib tshooj. Qhov no zam qhov teeb meem tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm PLL nyob rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog2.
Nyob rau hauv vsg - based photovoltaic cia rau qhov system, VSBRID muaj zog converter feem ntau tau txais cov lus qhia hluav taws xob los ntawm EMS. EMS suav qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nquag thiab cov hluav taws xob cia uas lub zog hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau muab cov ntaub ntawv xws li cov ntaub ntawv tawm, thauj khoom, thiab lub zog cia Sud. Lub vsg maub los ntawm lub zog cia hloov dua siab, raws li cov khoom siv ntawm cov inverter kom ua tiav cov kev cai lij choj thiab kev txhawb nqa inertial rau lub hwj huam kev sib koom tes3.
Ib qho ntxiv, hauv kev pom ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm photovoltaic grid kev twb kev txuas, qee cov tswv yim tswj tshwj xeeb kuj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab:
Kev tswj xyuas kev tswj hwm lub tswv yim: Yuav ua li cas los tswj kev tswj hwm ntawm photovoltaic inverters thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kom ua tiav qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke. Piv txwv li, thaum daim phiaj hluav taws xob zawv, lub zog cia hluav taws xob txhawb nqa lub zog uas tau nrawm dua rau hauv cov kev cai ib zaus.
Kev Cia Siab So So So: Tsiv ntawm kev cia khoom cia khoom muaj zog yog qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm ntev}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} l; Kev tswj cov tswv yim kev tswj kev tswjf kev tswj hwm yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv vsg tswj kom tiv thaiv overcharging lossis overdischarging ntawm lub roj teeb.
Daim phiaj ntshav tsis muaj zog yoog raws li cov kab ke tsis muaj zog, cov phiaj xwm kev cuam tshuam yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab cov hluav taws xob ntau dua los hloov pauv. Vsg tswj yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo rau cov kab ke tsis muaj zog los txhim kho cov ceg tawv muaj zog ntawm cov kab ke4.
2. acsystem kos duab ntawm lub zog cia vsg
Lub zog hluav taws xob vsg
Photovoltaic array: nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov lub zog hnub ci hauv DC hluav taws xob, uas yog lub zog ntawm cov kab ke. Lub photovoltaic inverter tuaj yeem tau txais lub zog siab tshaj plaws los ntawm lub zog ntawm lub zog thaum lub system xav tau nws, muab qee yam kev txhawb nqa.
Lub zog cia khoom: feem ntau, roj teeb lossis Super - capacitors siv tau siv. Los ntawm Bidirectional DC {2} DC converter, lub zog cia thiab tso tawm tau zoo rau supppress lub zog ntawm photovoltaic lub zog thiab txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub system. Lub zog hluav taws xob cia cov kev pab tau txais ib qho dual {{4 4} Voj tswj architecture raws li lub dc- dc converter. Lub sab nraud {- lub vas sib zog ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm lub sijhawm PI Inner inner- lub voj tswj hwm kom tswj tau tam sim no kev siv lub tswv yim tam sim no siv lub xeev cov lus qhia, nrog tus tam sim no ripple coefficient ntawm<1.5%.
Inverter: nws hloov DC hluav taws xob thiab paub cov hluav taws xob thiab cov kev cai tswj hwm nrog lub zog hluav taws xob los ntawm VSG tswj chav. Nyob rau hauv lub zog - cia vsg system, uas yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua rau kev sim ua kom muaj zog thiab cuam tshuam hluav taws xob ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob synchronous.
VSG tswj chav: nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab ke. Los ntawm kev simulating lub rotor suab sib npaug thiab rreadive-}}}}}} illulation Generation thiab voltage ntawm zaus thiab voltage ntawm lub hwj chim sib tshooj. Chav tsev vsg kuj suav nrog kev xam hluav taws xob thiab lim cov zis tawm, uas khaws cov ntaub ntawv siv hluav taws xob kom tshem tawm cov kev siv lim dej siab thiab cov suab nrov5.
3.Support lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub zog cia vsg rau lub hwj huam sib chaws
3.1Frequency txhawb nqa
Inertia txhawb nqa: Hauv lub zog hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv cov khoom lag luam ib txwm muaj cov tshuab hluav taws xob ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim txiaj ntawm lawv cov kev tsim txiaj ntawm kev tsim txiaj. Thaum cov phiaj xwm sib luag pauv tau hloov pauv hloov pauv, cov tshuab hluav taws xob uas muaj roj cerchronous tuaj yeem nqus lossis tso tawm txoj kev hloov kho lub zog, yog li hloov cov nqi ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm zaus. Lub zog cia vsg simulates lub rotor inertia ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv tsoos los ntawm virtual inertia. Thaum cov kev hloov pauv ntau zaus, VSG tuaj yeem tso tawm sai sai lossis nqus lub zog kom qeeb tus nqi ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm zaus. Piv txwv li, thaum daim phiaj xwm sib xyaw poob dheev, VSG nrog Virtual Inertia yuav tso lub zog raws li lub zog hluav taws xob rov qab los rau lub zog hluav taws xob thiab cuam tshuam ntxiv cov dej ntws ntxiv.
Cov kev cai tswj hwm: VSG tuaj yeem koom nrog thawj zaus zaus ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm lub hwj huam ... {NTIM} zaus droop tswj lub tswv yim. Nws configures ib zaus-} cheeb tsam ntawm kev tswj hwm kom ua tiav kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob tsis pub dhau ntawm thaj tsam ntawm ± 0.5 hz, nrog lub sijhawm teb ntawm<100 ms. When the grid frequency deviates from the rated value, VSG will adjust the output of active power according to the power - frequency droop characteristic to make the grid frequency return to the stable range6.
3.2Voltage txhawb nqa
Reforeive - voltage Dropage cov txheej txheem los ntawm simulating cov neeg tsim hluav taws xob, uas yog, los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob zoo siab, uas yog {voltage dromeop yam ntxwv. Nws suav cov hwj huam hnyav sib txawv tus nqi thiab tom qab ntawd kho qhov hluavtaws kom paub txog kev tswj kom zoo ntawm lub system voltage. Nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim sib tw, thaum lub voltage fluctuated, vsg tuaj yeem hloov kho cov teeb meem ua kom muaj hwj chim raws li cov kab hluav taws xob {4 4} {voltage dromeop yam ntxwv. Piv txwv, thaum Grid Voltage Dauv, VSG yuav ua kom cov zis ntawm cov hluav taws xob, thiab cov hluav taws xob ua kom muaj zog yuav ua rau nce lub voltage; Thaum cov phiaj xwm voltage, vsg yuav txo cov zis ntawm cov hluav taws xob cuam tshuam kom txo qhov hluav taws xob.
Dynamic reference reference kev txhawb nqa hauv cov pob tsis muaj zog: nyob rau hauv tsis muaj zog {{}} Nyem qhov chaw tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov chaw voltage los muab kev txhawb nqa. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj zog - daim phiaj chaw, cov phiaj xwm sib luag yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab cov feem ntau yuav hloov pauv. VSG tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov hluav taws xob voltage los ntawm kev muab nyiaj kho mob reactive. Piv txwv li, hauv qee qhov chaw taws teeb nrog cov teeb meem hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab tswj hwm qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub voltage7.
3.3Unprovement ntawm Fais fab xwm ruaj khov
Kev Txom Nyem ntawm System Oscillation: vsg tswj simulates cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob oscillation thiab txhim kho cov lus teb zoo ntawm cov kab ke. Nyob rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob nrog lub siab sib npaug ntawm qhov tsis muaj damping ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lub kaw lus muaj zog rau lub zog hluav taws xob tsawg. VSG tuaj yeem ua kom qhia Virtual Damping los tswj Algorithms. Thaum lub kaw lus muaj hwj chim hloov pauv lossis oscillations, lub luag haujlwm damping virting yuav ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txhawb nqa oscillation thiab ua kom lub xeev sai sai mus rau lub xeev ruaj khov.
Enhancement of Fault - Ride - Through Capability: VSG technology can enhance the fault - ride - through capability of energy - storage systems. Thaum cov phiaj xwm voltage poob ib ntus, vsg tuaj yeem pab lub zog hluav taws xob rov qab los ntawm kev txhawb nqa reactive. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsawg {{{}} cov zis hluav taws xob kev ruaj khov, thiab kev txhim kho lub zog hluav taws xob nrog rau (LVRT) Lub Hwj Chim Grid.
Seamless hloov ntawm grid - Connected thiab Island-}}} {{{} hom. Nyob rau hauv micro - slids, thaum nruab hnub, nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau VSG hom los tswj qhov ruaj khov ntawm micro- daim phiaj. Qhov no seamless - hloov lub peev xwm ua kom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb (xws li tsev kho mob, cov chaw nruab nrab) thiab txhim kho kev ntseeg tau thiab yooj yim ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob8.
4.application scenarios
Siab -} Kev nkag mus rau lub zog tshiab ntawm lub zog tshiab, thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab hluav taws xob tsis yeem yog ntsib cov kev cov nyom. Ob qho tib si virtual synchronous generators thiab grid {{4 4}} txheej txheem hluav taws xob cia muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb muaj nuj nqis hauv qhov xwm txheej no. Lawv tuaj yeem muab kev txhawb nqa thiab damping txhawb nqa lub zog hluav taws xob, txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob nrog lub zog tshiab.
Microgrid Scenario: Hauv ib qho xwm txheej microgrid, txawm tias nws yog daim phiaj kev ua haujlwm lossis tawm ntawm kev ruaj khov thiab siv hluav taws xob ruaj khov thiab muaj zog. Lub zog cia lub zog tswj tau los ntawm virtual synchronous generators tuaj yeem muab lub zog ua haujlwm ruaj khov, ua tiav du hloov chaw thiab kev ua haujlwm ywj pheej ntawm cov microgrids. Grid {{4 4}} Kev tsim lub zog hluav taws xob cia, thiab txhawb nqa cov haujlwm muaj zog ntawm cov microgrids, thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ruaj khov ntawm cov neeg muaj zog thiab ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov microgrids.
Grid -} sab kev pabcuam: gradage- teb cov lus teb thiab kev txhawb nqa hauv vsg thev naus laus zis.
Lub zog hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog thiab cov chaw taws teeb: Hauv thaj chaw muaj peev xwm thiab kev txhawb nqa hluav taws xob kom muaj zog thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog, txo kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob9.
1.Csdn, Zog Cia Virtual Synchronous Generator technology.
2.Csdn, Grid -} Crolloltaic Hybrid Zog Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Raws Li Simulink Simulation.
3.Li yongli, lis yi. Fais fab faib khoom thiab virtual inertia tswj txoj kev rau photovoltaic rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob synators. CN202211422434.1 [2025-04-20].
4.Dai jiaoyang, enterical engineering. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub zog faib tawm tswv yim thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov synchronous generator system [d] Huazhong University of Science thiab Technology [2025-04-20].
5.CSDN, Virtual Synchronization vsg
6.National high-end exchange Platform for scientific research papers and technological Information, improving the control strategy of photovoltaic storage VSG under unbalanced grid voltage.
7.Vip cov ntaub ntawv, lub zog cia Hom zoo li cov refiring fais fab tiam thiab nws tus kheej-} synchronous voltage tswj tau.
8.Nws, virtual synchronous generator yoog tswj kev tswj hwm lub zog cia hluav taws xob chaw nres tsheb raws li kev txwv lub cev.
9.CSDN, kev sib txheeb ntawm virtual synchronous generators thiab grid - txheej txheem hluav taws xob cia.
