Nrog rau qhov nce nkag ntawm cua thiab hnub ci zog tshiab thiab txuas ntxiv decommissioning ntawm cov tsoos synchronous units, lub zog hluav taws xob tau nkag musqis-inertia era. Fais fab hloov dua siab tshiab systems (PCS) rau photovoltaic thiab lub zog cia, raws li inverter -raws li lub hwj chim hluav taws xob cov khoom siv, tsis muaj rotors rotors thiab tsis muaj ntuj rotational inertia. Thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob tshwm sim, Tus Nqi Hloov ntawm Zaus (RoCoF) yuav nce siab heev, yooj yim ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev loj thiab loj - teev tawm - kab sib chaws.
Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb technologies ntawmDaim phiaj-Forming (GFM) PCSyog covSyntheticSynchronous Generator (VSG) algorithm. Nws daws qhov sib npaug ntawm cov rotor kev sib npaug ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob synchronous hauv software thiab tsim Synthetic rotational inertia ntawm txoj cai, ua kom lub zog hluav taws xob zoo li qub kom xa cov inertia txhawb nqa zoo ib yam li cov pa pa lossis hydroelectric generating units. Qhov no tseem yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm lub zog cia hauv qhov tsis muaj zog daim phiaj xwm txheej.
I. Txoj Cai Tseem Ceeb ntawm VSGSynthetic inertia
Pa synchronous generators cia siab rau lub kinetic zog khaws cia nyob rau hauv loj heev rotors. Thaum daim phiaj zaus poob, rotors tso tawm lub zog kinetic los cuam tshuam kev hloov pauv ceev ceev; Thaum cov zaus nce, lawv nqus lub zog ntau dhau los tswj cov zaus spikes, qhov tseem ceeb ua rau lub cev muaj zog flywheel.
VSG tsis nyob ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab. Hloov chaw, nws daws qhov sib npaug rotor motion hauv PCS maub los:
J: Syntheticlub sij hawm ntawm inertia(configured los ntawm software parameters)
Pₘ: Synthetic mechanical zog siv
Pₑ: Qhov tso tawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tiag tiag ntawm PCS
D: Synthetic damping coefficient
ω: Internal Synthetic angular tshaj tawm ntawm PCS
ωg: Ntsuas daim phiaj angular tshaj tawm
Thaum lub zog tsis txaus tshwm sim hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab daim phiaj angular tshaj tawm ωg txo qis, lub sij hawm tsis sib npaug ntawm lub zog tshwm sim hauv qhov sib npaug. Tus maub los tam sim ntawd rub lub zog hluav taws xob los ntawm lub zog cia roj teeb thiab tso tawm lub zog inertia ntxiv rautxwv tus nqi Hloov ntawm Zaus (RoCoF)thiab qeeb zaus poob. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub hwj chim tshaj thiab zaus nce, lub PCS absorbs lub hwj chim tshaj los suppress ceev ceev escalation.
II. Analysis of Typical VSGSynthetic inertiaCode (MATLAB Example)
Hauv qab no yog ib qho kev coj ua raws cai rau Synthetic inertia tswj:
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matlab |
Txhais lub Synthetic inertia lub sij hawm tas li Tᵥᵢᵣₜ, feem ntau yog li ntawm 2 ~ 8 s, sawv cev rau lub zog ntawm inertia kev txhawb nqa;
Xam lub hauv paus angular zaus ωbₐₛₑ los ntawm qhov ntsuas zaus, ces muab cov Synthetic moment of inertia Jᵥᵢᵣₜ ;
Qauv kab sib chaws zaus ntawm ob lub sij hawm sib law liag thiab suav cov angular zaus hloov pauv tus nqi dω/dt (xws li RoCoF);
Xam qhov ntxiv zog inertia Pᵢₙₑᵣₜᵢₐ siv Jᵥᵢᵣₜ thiab angular zaus variation tus nqi;
Superpose lub zog inertia ntawm thawj lub zog siv Pᵣₑf kom tau txais qhov kawg PCS tso zis fais fab lus txib Pᵣₑfₜₒₜₐₗ .
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Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:Cov lus teb ceev ntawm lub zog inertia yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev hloov zaus ntawm PCS kho vajtse. Ib txwm silicon IGBT-raws li PCS tsuas yog ua tiav qhov hloov zaus ntawm 3 ~ 5 kHz, nrog kev tswj latency mus txog pua pua microseconds thiab pom tseeb theem lag hauv Synthetic inertia. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, GFM PCS siv SiC modules boosts lub zaus hloov mus rau 100 kHz theem, compressing tswj latency mus rau ib ncig ntawm kaum microseconds. Nws cov lus teb inertia zoo sib xws tiag tiag synchronous generators, thiab kev ruaj ntseg hauv daim phiaj tsis muaj zog tau txhim kho zoo heev. |
III. Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm VSGSynthetic inertiathiab Daim phiaj-Tom qab (GFL)
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Hom |
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb |
Inertia muaj peev xwm |
Siv tau Scenarios |
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Daim phiaj-Tom qab (GFL) PCS |
Tswj qhov tam sim no, tso siab rau PLL los taug qab kab hluav taws xob theem |
Tsis muaj haiv neeg inertia; tsuas yog txwv auxiliary Synthetic inertia, ua rau poob ntawm theem xauv hauv qhov ua txhaum |
Strong power grid, high Short-Circuit Ratio (SCR) >3 |
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Daim phiaj-Forming VSG PCS |
Tswj voltage qhov chaw, autonomously tsim voltage / zaus siv |
Native Synthetic inertia + damping, nws tus kheej txhawb ntau zaus, muaj peev xwm pib dub |
Daim phiaj tsis muaj zog SCR<3, high-renewable-energy bases, islanded microgrids |
Lub hauv paus rau daim phiaj- raws li cov converters yog tias daim phiaj nws tus kheej ua raws li qhov chaw tsis muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv cov kab hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog nrog cov kab loj impedance, qhov hluav taws xob ntawm Point of Common Coupling (PCC) drifts yooj yim, theem - kaw lub voj yuav poob ruaj khov, thiab cov nyhuv ntawm Synthetic inertia ntxiv tsis muaj zog heev.
GFM VSG PCS tsis nyob ntawm daim phiaj sab nraud thiab ua haujlwm raws li lub zog hluav taws xob nws tus kheej. Txawm tias thaum daim phiaj luv luv -Circuit Ratio (SCR) poob mus rau 1.5 lossis qis dua, nws tuaj yeem ruaj khov tso tawm Synthetic inertia thiab suppress system oscillation.
IV. Kev txiav txim siab tsim qauv rau kev siv engineering
Tuning ntawmSynthetic inertiaTsis muaj
Tᵥᵢᵣₜ tsis zoo dua thaum loj dua. Loj heev Jᵥᵢᵣₜ qhia qis- zaus oscillation; tus nqi me me dhau los muab kev txhawb nqa inertia tsis txaus thiab tsis txwv RoCoF. Hauv kev xyaum engineering,adaptive variable inertiafeem ntau saws: nceJthaum lub sij hawm ceev ceev fluctuations thiab txoJnyob rau hauv khov kho- lub xeev tej yam kev mob kom sib npaug stability thiab dynamic teb.
Zog Cia Peev Xwm txwv
Txhua lub zog rau Synthetic inertia los ntawm lub zog cia roj teeb. Luv -lub sij hawm inertia txhawb nqa kom them thiab tso tawm. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xyuas cov roj teeb lub zog thiab lub Xeev ntawm Kev Them Nyiaj (SOC) ntau yam los tiv thaiv tawm - ntawm - txwv kev tiv thaiv kev ua los ntawm cov lus teb tsis tu ncua.
Hardware Bandwidth Bottleneck
Tsis muaj teeb meem zoo npaum li cas VSG Synthetic inertia algorithm tsim, nws raug txwv los ntawm kev hloov ceev ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Kev tswj ncua sij hawm qhia los ntawm kev hloov qis zaus ua rau tsis muaj zog inertia kev ua tau zoo thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam subsynchronous oscillation. High-bandwidth SiC fais fab modules tsim lub hauv paus kho vajtse rau siab -kev ua tau zoo GFM PCS.
V. Summary of Industrial Value
Daim phiaj kab lis kev cai thoob ntiaj teb (ENTSO-E NC RfG 2.0, UK GC0137, Tuam Tshoj Txoj Cai rau Kev Tsim Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Chaw Nres Tsheb) tau maj mam hloov kho kab sib chaws- ua kom muaj peev xwm los ntawm kev xaiv ua haujlwm mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kab sib txuas sib txuas.
VSG Synthetic inertia tseem ceebreplicates lub rotor inertia ntawm synchronous generators ntawm lub zog cia PCS ntawm software algorithms thiab siab -ceev zog hluav taws xob kho vajtse. Nyob rau hauv lub tshiab - hom fais fab system nrog loj - nplai cua thiab hnub ci daim phiaj kev sib koom ua ke, Synthetic inertia of grid- ua PCS tau dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb los tswj cov kab hluav taws xob ntau zaus thiab lav daim phiaj - kev nyab xeeb kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog tshiab.
