Transformers yog cov khoom siv pom tau tshaj plaws hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob. Lawv yog cov loj, txawv, yooj yim hauv txoj cai tab sis xav tau kev txij nkawm, ua rau lawv zoo li muaj ntau yam ntxiv 'CABLE'. Ntawm lub hwj chim Grid daim duab, hloov pauv zoo li tus pob txha nraub qaum, thaum lwm cov khoom siv ua lawv cov kev sib txuas.

Kab lus no yuav qhia txog cov khoom siv, cov ntsiab cai, kev ua haujlwm, kev faib tawm, thiab kev siv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov hloov pauv.

1.Cov ntawm lub transformer

Ib lub transformer tsuas yog muaj ntawm cov tub ntxhais thiab windings.

Cov tub ntxhais ua haujlwm ua cov kev sib nqus Circuit Court, thaum lub zog hluav taws xob, ua los ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, ua los ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov txha hniav laus -} coated hlau.

Ib qho txuas nrog lub zog hluav taws xob yog hu ua thawj lub winding, tseem hu ua tus thawj kauj. Ib qho txuas nrog lub load yog hu ua cov winding thib ob, tseem hu ua tus coil theem nrab, lossis sab ob sab nraud winding.

Cov qauv yooj yim ntawm cov qauv txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog lub plawv - Duab hom thiab lub plhaub hom.

• Lub plawv - zoo nkauj hloov pauv

Cov kab ntawm cov tub ntxhais -}} hom transformer yog puag ncig los ntawm windings. Cias muab tso rau, ua kom cov qauv txheej txheem kuj yooj yim thiab yooj yim dua thiab vim li cas thiaj siv tau, feem ntau yog siv cov qauv hom.

• Lub plhaub - hom transformer

Nyob rau hauv lub plhaub -} hom transformer, tus ntxhais puag ncig cov winding. Lub plhaub {- Hom Transformers muaj cov kev lag luam muaj zog thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom lag luam yog cov nyom thiab yuav tsum muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv. Lawv feem ntau tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv qis - voltage, siab} {{- Lub zog hluav taws xob hloov tau hluav taws xob.

2.basic ua hauj lwm cov ntsiab cai ntawm transformer

Ib qho kev hloov pauv khiav raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm induction induction.

Thaum twg ib qho kev tsim hluav taws xob tsim nyog tau txuas nrog ob qho kawg ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov khoom cua, hauv qab kev ua hluav taws xob koj₁, AC tam sim no kuv₀ ntws los ntawm thawj winding, tsim tawm lub zog loj hauv lub zog ua ntej. Qhov kev ua kom zoo no ib qho kev sib nqus sib nqus flux φ hauv cov tub ntxhais. Qhov kev hloov pauv flux φ txuas ob qho tib si lub tsho thiab ob qho tib si. Raws li txoj cai ntawm electromagnetic induction, ua rau cov hluav taws xob hnyav e₁thiab e₂yog tsim nyob rau hauv thawj thiab theem nrab windings, ntsig txog. Nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov inducation electromiactive quab yuam E₂, lub winder thib ob tuaj yeem muab lub zog rau lub nra, ua tiav hluav taws xob hloov chaw.

Qhov sib piv ntawm cov kev sib zog hluav taws xob hauv thawj lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv lub ntsej muag muaj sib npaug ntawm cov lej ntawm cov thib hauv thawj lub classary. Qhov ntau ntawm cov inducteromotive quab yuam e₁ntawm thawj sab yog ze rau cov ntawv siv voltage u₁ntawm thawj sab, thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cov inducation intertive quab yuam e₂Nyob rau sab nraud ib sab yog ze rau cov zis hluav taws xob u₂ntawm sab nraud.

Yog li ntawd, los ntawm tsuas hloov tus naj npawb ntawm lem hauv thawj lossis theem nrab winding ib zaug lossis ob zaug, cov zis hluav taws xob u₂tuaj yeem hloov kho. Nov yog tus ua haujlwm ua haujlwm yooj yim ntawm cov hloov pauv, uas siv lub zog ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob ntawm tib qho zaus tab sis ib qib voltage sib txawv.

2.basic kev ua haujlwm ntawm transformer

Qhov kev ua haujlwm yooj yim ntawm kev hloov pauv suav nrog kev hloov pauv hloov dua siab tshiab, hloov dua siab tshiab, hloov dua siab tshiab, kev rho tawm, thiab cov kev cai hluav taws xob, thiab cov kev cai hluav taws xob, thiab cov kev cai hluav taws xob, thiab cov kev cai voltage.

Voltage kev hloov pauv: cov hloov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem nce lossis txo lub voltage ntawm lwm yam tam sim no kom tau raws li cov hluav taws xob sib txawv. Piv txwv li, ib kauj ruam - Up Transformer yog siv los txo cov hluav taws xob muaj zog los txo cov hluav taws xob ntau rau kev siv hluav taws xob muaj kev nyab xeeb.

Kev hloov pauv tam sim no: los ntawm kev hloov lub voltage, tus hloov pauv kuj hloov cov khoom tam sim no. Raws li txoj cai ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob, thaum lub voltage nce ntxiv, txo qhov tam sim no, thiab hloov ua lwm yam. Cov xeeb ceem no ua rau transformers tseem ceeb heev hauv lub hwj huam sib kis, raws li lawv tuaj yeem tswj hwm cov khoom tam sim no.

Kev Hloov Kev Hloov Kho: Cov hloov pauv tuaj yeem hloov cov impedance ntawm Circuit Court, ua rau nws haum ntau rau kev ntsuas sib txawv. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov cuab yeej audio thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, raws li nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov teeb liab kev sib kis tau zoo.

Kev Rho Tawm: Cov hloov pauv tuaj yeem muab hluav taws xob rho tawm, tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov neeg siv. Qhov kev rho tawm no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev kub siab los ntawm kev ua kom qhov qis qis - voltage khoom, kom ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv.

Cov kev cai voltage: qee yam hloov pauv (xws li muaj cov kev hloov pauv ntshiab) tuaj yeem siv rau cov kev cai voltabation thiab ua kom muaj kev ntseeg tau thiab ruaj khov ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob.

4.Classification ntawm Transformers

4.1Classified los ntawm muaj peev xwm

• Cov hloov pauv me me: voltage hauv qab no 10KV, muaj peev xwm ntawm 1 thiab 500kva.

• Kev hloov me me thiab nruab nrab - qhov loj hloov hloov: voltage ntawm 35 kV thiab hauv qab no, muaj peev xwm los ntawm 6300 kva.

• Loj hloov pauv: voltage ntawm 110 kv thiab hauv qab no, muaj peev xwm ntawm 8000 thiab 63000 kva.

4.2Classified los ntawm kev siv

• Lub zog hloov hluav taws xob: siv rau stepping nce, kauj ruam nqes, faib tawm, thiab kev sib txuas lus, lossis siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob rau cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob thiab hloov chaw.

• Cov kev hloov pauv: xws li voltage hloov thiab tam sim no hloov, siv rau cov khoom siv ntsuas thiab muab cov khoom siv relay.

• Fais fais hloov: siv rau kev tswj hwm fais fab, teeb pom kev zoo, thiab cov ntsuas ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab.

• Electronic Transformer: Siv rau hauv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob xws li hloov}} Nrhiav cov khoom siv fais fab, suab, thiab kev yuam kev.

• Kuaj Transformer: Muaj peev xwm tsim hluav taws xob siab rau kev coj ua siab siab {{voltage kuaj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

• Cov hloov pauv tshwj xeeb: xws li cov hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob, Rectifier hloov, voltage regulating hloov, thiab lwm yam.

4.3Classified los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm theem ntawm transformer windings

• Ib Leeg -}}} theem hloov pauv: siv rau ib qho {{1} {{-} theem hloov roj.

• Three-phase transformer: Used to step up or step down voltage in three-phase systems.

4.4Classified los ntawm Transformer txias txoj kev

• Qhuav -}}}} hom transform: txias los ntawm cua convection, feem ntau siv rau cov kev hloov pauv me me xws li teeb pom kev zoo thiab hluav taws xob.

• Roj -}}}}}} Cov hloov roj uas siv hluav taws xob uas siv cov roj ntsha uas siv hluav taws xob thiab cua txias rau hauv cov roj insulating.

4.5Classified los ntawm Transformer WINDING sib txuas hom

• Ob npaug - winding transformer: Siv los txuas ob qib voltage hauv lub zog hluav taws xob.

• Peb {- winding transformer: feem ntau siv hauv cov chaw hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob los txuas peb qib volfage.

• AutotransFormer: Thawj cov windings thiab cov thib ob ua ke rau hauv ib qho, siv los txuas lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm cov sib txawv. Nws kuj tseem siv tau ua cov kauj ruam ib txwm - nce los yog kauj ruam - down transformer.

4.6Classified los ntawm Transformer kev ua haujlwm ntau zaus

• Lub zog zaus hloov pauv: nws cov kev khiav hauj lwm ntau yog 50Hz lossis 60Hz.
• Qib Nruab Nrab Tshaj Tawm Hloov Chaw Taws Xob: Nws cov kev khiav hauj lwm ntau yog 400-1000Z.
• Audio zaus hloov pauv: nws cov kev khiav haujlwm ntau yog 20Hz-20kHz.

• Supersonic zaus Transformer: Nws cov kev ua haujlwm ntau tshaj li 20 KHz, feem ntau tsis tshaj 100 khz.

• High - zaus transformer: Ib qho kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob: ib qho hloov pauv nrog cov kev ua haujlwm ntau los ntawm 20 Hz kom dhau 100 kHz.

5.Aplation scenarios ntawm transformers

5.1Mower System

• Fais fab nroj tsuag: cov hloov hluav taws xob tau siv los nqis cov tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm cov phiaj xwm mus rau lub hwj huam sib kis, ua kom ntev} deb npaum li cas hluav taws xob kis.

• Hloov: nyob rau hauv cov kev hloov, transformers hloov siab siab rau hauv qis- voltage hluav taws xob kom tau raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov hloov pauv kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua cov haujlwm xws li kev them nyiaj kho hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov kho hluav taws xob, kom ua haujlwm hloov kho ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob.

• Cov kab kis: Hauv cov kab sib kis, cov kev hloov pauv tau siv los ua kom cov hluav taws xob ntxiv, ua tiav tau ntev} deb npaum li cas hluav taws xob kis.

5.2civil sector

• Tsev Neeg Hluav Taws Xob: Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hloov Siab Hloov Ua Siab Rau Hauv Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Siv Hluav Taws Xob, ua kom muaj kev siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev.

• Them roj teeb: txawm yog nws lub laptop, seb nws yog lub tsheb, lossis lub tsheb hluav taws xob, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum ua haujlwm, thiab them lub roj teeb xav tau lub transformer. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub transformer yog los tswj cov kev voltage thiab tiv thaiv kev to taub dej los yog nthwv dej los ntawm kev hla dhau ntawm cov khoom siv.

5.3Communication teb

Kev sib txuas lus hloov pauv tau siv xov tooj lub davhlau ya nyob twg thiab cov kab ke kab khoom los tswj cov khoom zoo thiab kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Ib qho ntxiv, kev sib txuas hloov hloov tau siv dav hauv cov khoom sib txuas lus, cov npav network, cov twj siv hluav taws xob, cov routers, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab VOIP network sib txuas lus.

3.4Sher Cov Kev Siv Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tshwj Xeeb

• Cov cuab yeej siv suab: Audio Transformers muaj feem ntau siv los muab kev cais tawm los ntawm kev teeb tsa cov kev ntsuas kom ntws los ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov peev txheej thiab thauj khoom. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov cim tsis zoo lossis tsis muaj suab nrov thiab lim cov teeb liab. Cov kev hloov pauv no tshwj xeeb tau tsim tshwj xeeb los tuav cov cim tsis pub dhau lub suab, uas yog, piav qhia ntau ntawm 20Hz thiab 20kHz.

• Kev seev: Tam sim no metres, voltage meters, thiab ntau lwm yam ntsuas thiab cov cuab yeej siv cov hloov pauv rau kev ua haujlwm dav dav. Piv txwv li, ntsuas kev hloov tam sim no muab kev nyab xeeb tam sim no rau cov khoom siv cais tawm ntawm cov nqi sib cais ua ntej pub rau cov ammeter.

• Rectification: Cov hloov hluav taws xob hloov tuaj yeem hloov AC rau DC, nrog cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob, kub} voltage dc kis, thiab ntau dua.