Source: britannica.com
CIGS solar cell, nyob rau hauv tag nrho tooj liab indium gallium selenide hnub ci cell, nyias-zaj duab xis photovoltaic device uas siv cov txheej txheem semiconductor ntawm tooj liab indium gallium selenide (CIGS) kom nqus hnub ci thiab hloov mus rau hauv hluav taws xob. Txawm hais tias CIGS lub hnub qis qis pom tau tias yog nyob rau hauv cov theem ua ntej ntawm cov lag luam loj loj, lawv tuaj yeem tsim tau los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem uas muaj peev xwm txo cov nqi ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm photovoltaic. Raws li qhov kev ua tau zoo, kev sib haum xeeb, thiab kev cia siab ntawm CIGS cov khoom zoo, cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm nthuav nws txoj kev ua lag luam sib tshuam thiab nws thiaj li pib ua "kev cuam tshuam" technology. Ntxiv thiab, muab cov kev phom sij ntawm kev siv cadmium thiab kev siv, CIGS solar cells muab tsawg dua kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev txhawj xeeb txog kev tshaj qhov cov kab mob cadmium telluride solar hlwb uas lawv sib tw.
CIGS solar cells feature thin film ntawm tooj liab indium selenide thiab copper gallium selenide thiab ib kab ntsuas ntawm cov ntsev. Ntawd CIGS zaj yeeb yaj ywm ua raws li ib tug ncaj qha bandgap semiconductor thiab cov ntaub ntawv ib heterojunction, raws li cov bandgaps ntawm ob txawv cov ntaub ntawv yog tsis zoo. Cov thev-zaj duab xis ntawm lub xov tooj txav mus rau ib lub substrate, xws li dej qab ntsev iav, hlau, los yog ib lub duab thaij duab polyamide, tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas ntawm qhov chaw kov. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv tsis xaiv khoom rau xaiv rau cov txheej txheem substrate, ib qho hlau xws li molybdenumis siv los ua tus neeg xyuas pib. Kev hu xovtooj sab nrauv yuav tsum muaj peevxwm tswj tau hluavtaws thiab ua kom pom lub teeb kom mus txog ntawm tes. Cov ntaub ntawv xws li indium tin oxide, doped zinc oxide, los yog, tsis ntev los no, ntau cov organic films raws li nano engineered carbon yog siv los muab cov ohmic sib cuag.
Lub hlwb yog tsim kom lub teeb nkag los ntawm lub pob tshab sab nrauv ohmic thiab yog absorbed rau hauv CIGS txheej. Muaj cov xaim hluav taws xob ua haujlwm. Ib qho chaw "depletion region" yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom p-thiab n-hom ntawm cadmium-doped qhov ntawm CIGS cell. Qhov ntawd cais cov electrons ntawm lub qhov thiab tso cai rau lawv ua kom muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no (saib hnub ci cell). Xyoo 2014, kev sim ua sim tau tsim cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm 23.2 feem pua los ntawm ib tug CIGS ntawm tes nrog lub qauv kho cov qauv. Txawm licas losxij, cov CIGS hlwb coj mus muag tau zoo dua qub, nrog rau feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm 14 feem pua ntawm kev hloov dua siab tshiab.
Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, lub CIGS films mus rau ib lub substrate tso rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, siv cov evaporative los yog ib txoj kev sib tshuam. Qhov tooj liab, gallium, thiab indium raug muab tso rau hauv lem thiab nchuav nrog ib qho kev xaiv selenide vapor, uas ua rau cov qauv kawg CIGS. Kev tso dej muaj peev xwm ua tau yam tsis muaj lub tshuab nqus tsev, siv cov nanoparticles los yog electroplating, tab sis cov tswv yim tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj kev loj hlob los ntawm kev lag luam loj. Kev tsim kho tshiab yog tsim tau ntau yam uas zoo sib xws li luam tawm technologies dua li cov kabmob silicon solar-cell fabrication. Hauv ib lub txheej txheem, ib lub tshuab luam ntawv ntim qaub ncaug ntawm ib qho cim ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm rau ib daim ntawv txhuas. Ib txheej txheem tom qab luam ntawv ntxiv cov txheej pov tseg thiab sab nrauv rau sab saum toj ntawm cov txheej; cov ntawv ci ces muab txiav rau hauv nplooj ntawv.
CIGS hnub ci lub hlwb yuav raug tsim ntawm cov khoom yooj ywm, uas ua rau lawv haum rau ntau yam kev sau npe uas tam sim no crystalline photovoltaics thiab lwm cov khoom tsis yeem tsis haum. Piv txwv li, cov CIGS solar hlwb muab zais cia ua tus qauv ntau dua ntawm cov kev xaiv tsa hauv kev tawm tswv yim thiab tsim. CigS solar cells kuj yog ib feem ntawm qhov nyhav ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm silicon thiab tuaj yeem ua tau yam tsis muaj iav kom tawg tsis taus. Lawv tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov tsheb xws li tsheb laij teb, cov dav hlau, thiab cov tsheb, vim tias lawv qhov profile tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv cua thiab lawv tsis ntxiv qhov nyhav.
